version 1.4.4.1, 2006/11/23 06:22:36
|
version 1.4.4.2, 2006/12/19 10:49:51
|
|
|
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> | <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> |
<html xmlns:o> |
<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" |
|
xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" |
|
xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" |
|
xmlns:st1="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" |
|
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40" xmlns:o> |
|
|
|
|
<head> | <head> |
|
<meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=windows-1252"> |
|
<meta name=ProgId content=Word.Document> |
|
<meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 10"> |
|
<meta name=Originator content="Microsoft Word 10"> |
|
<link rel=File-List href="PegasusSSLGuidelines_files/filelist.xml"> |
|
<link rel=Edit-Time-Data href="PegasusSSLGuidelines_files/editdata.mso"> |
|
<!--[if !mso]> |
|
<style> |
|
v\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} |
|
o\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} |
|
w\:* {behavior:url(#default#VML);} |
|
.shape {behavior:url(#default#VML);} |
|
</style> |
|
<![endif]--> |
<title>OpenPegasus SSL Guidelines</title> | <title>OpenPegasus SSL Guidelines</title> |
|
<o:SmartTagType namespaceuri="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags" |
|
name="date"/> |
|
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> |
|
<o:DocumentProperties> |
|
<o:Author>IBM_USER</o:Author> |
|
<o:LastAuthor>IBM_USER</o:LastAuthor> |
|
<o:Revision>2</o:Revision> |
|
<o:TotalTime>6</o:TotalTime> |
|
<o:Created>2006-12-19T07:20:00Z</o:Created> |
|
<o:LastSaved>2006-12-19T07:26:00Z</o:LastSaved> |
|
<o:Pages>1</o:Pages> |
|
<o:Words>5126</o:Words> |
|
<o:Characters>29220</o:Characters> |
|
<o:Company>IBM</o:Company> |
|
<o:Lines>243</o:Lines> |
|
<o:Paragraphs>68</o:Paragraphs> |
|
<o:CharactersWithSpaces>34278</o:CharactersWithSpaces> |
|
<o:Version>10.3501</o:Version> |
|
</o:DocumentProperties> |
|
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml> |
|
<w:WordDocument> |
|
<w:SpellingState>Clean</w:SpellingState> |
|
<w:GrammarState>Clean</w:GrammarState> |
|
<w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel> |
|
</w:WordDocument> |
|
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><object |
|
classid="clsid:38481807-CA0E-42D2-BF39-B33AF135CC4D" id=ieooui></object> |
|
<style> |
|
st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) } |
|
</style> |
|
<![endif]--> |
|
<style> |
|
<!-- |
|
/* Font Definitions */ |
|
@font-face |
|
{font-family:Courier; |
|
panose-1:2 7 4 9 2 2 5 2 4 4; |
|
mso-font-charset:0; |
|
mso-generic-font-family:modern; |
|
mso-font-format:other; |
|
mso-font-pitch:fixed; |
|
mso-font-signature:3 0 0 0 1 0;} |
|
@font-face |
|
{font-family:Wingdings; |
|
panose-1:5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0; |
|
mso-font-charset:2; |
|
mso-generic-font-family:auto; |
|
mso-font-pitch:variable; |
|
mso-font-signature:0 268435456 0 0 -2147483648 0;} |
|
@font-face |
|
{font-family:Times; |
|
panose-1:2 2 6 3 5 4 5 2 3 4; |
|
mso-font-charset:0; |
|
mso-generic-font-family:roman; |
|
mso-font-pitch:variable; |
|
mso-font-signature:536902279 -2147483648 8 0 511 0;} |
|
/* Style Definitions */ |
|
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal |
|
{mso-style-parent:""; |
|
margin:0in; |
|
margin-bottom:.0001pt; |
|
mso-pagination:widow-orphan; |
|
font-size:12.0pt; |
|
font-family:"Times New Roman"; |
|
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} |
|
h2 |
|
{mso-margin-top-alt:auto; |
|
margin-right:0in; |
|
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
margin-left:0in; |
|
mso-pagination:widow-orphan; |
|
mso-outline-level:2; |
|
font-size:18.0pt; |
|
font-family:"Times New Roman"; |
|
font-weight:bold;} |
|
h3 |
|
{mso-margin-top-alt:auto; |
|
margin-right:0in; |
|
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
margin-left:0in; |
|
mso-pagination:widow-orphan; |
|
mso-outline-level:3; |
|
font-size:13.5pt; |
|
font-family:"Times New Roman"; |
|
font-weight:bold;} |
|
h4 |
|
{mso-margin-top-alt:auto; |
|
margin-right:0in; |
|
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
margin-left:0in; |
|
mso-pagination:widow-orphan; |
|
mso-outline-level:4; |
|
font-size:12.0pt; |
|
font-family:"Times New Roman"; |
|
font-weight:bold;} |
|
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink |
|
{color:blue; |
|
text-decoration:underline; |
|
text-underline:single;} |
|
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed |
|
{color:blue; |
|
text-decoration:underline; |
|
text-underline:single;} |
|
p |
|
{mso-margin-top-alt:auto; |
|
margin-right:0in; |
|
mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
margin-left:0in; |
|
mso-pagination:widow-orphan; |
|
font-size:12.0pt; |
|
font-family:"Times New Roman"; |
|
mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";} |
|
span.spelle |
|
{mso-style-name:spelle;} |
|
span.SpellE |
|
{mso-style-name:""; |
|
mso-spl-e:yes;} |
|
span.GramE |
|
{mso-style-name:""; |
|
mso-gram-e:yes;} |
|
@page Section1 |
|
{size:8.5in 11.0in; |
|
margin:1.0in 1.25in 1.0in 1.25in; |
|
mso-header-margin:.5in; |
|
mso-footer-margin:.5in; |
|
mso-paper-source:0;} |
|
div.Section1 |
|
{page:Section1;} |
|
/* List Definitions */ |
|
@list l0 |
|
{mso-list-id:51972189; |
|
mso-list-template-ids:81668992;} |
|
@list l0:level1 |
|
{mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
|
mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
|
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
|
mso-level-number-position:left; |
|
text-indent:-.25in; |
|
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:Symbol;} |
|
@list l1 |
|
{mso-list-id:257178838; |
|
mso-list-template-ids:1636469146;} |
|
@list l1:level1 |
|
{mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
|
mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
|
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
|
mso-level-number-position:left; |
|
text-indent:-.25in; |
|
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:Symbol;} |
|
@list l2 |
|
{mso-list-id:335961387; |
|
mso-list-template-ids:303987346;} |
|
@list l2:level1 |
|
{mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
|
mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
|
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
|
mso-level-number-position:left; |
|
text-indent:-.25in; |
|
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:Symbol;} |
|
@list l3 |
|
{mso-list-id:432287186; |
|
mso-list-template-ids:401260786;} |
|
@list l3:level1 |
|
{mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
|
mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
|
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
|
mso-level-number-position:left; |
|
text-indent:-.25in; |
|
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:Symbol;} |
|
@list l4 |
|
{mso-list-id:448670368; |
|
mso-list-template-ids:342922132;} |
|
@list l4:level1 |
|
{mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
|
mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
|
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
|
mso-level-number-position:left; |
|
text-indent:-.25in; |
|
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:Symbol;} |
|
@list l5 |
|
{mso-list-id:605886313; |
|
mso-list-template-ids:2101529026;} |
|
@list l5:level1 |
|
{mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
|
mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
|
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
|
mso-level-number-position:left; |
|
text-indent:-.25in; |
|
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:Symbol;} |
|
@list l6 |
|
{mso-list-id:610279438; |
|
mso-list-template-ids:-795200846;} |
|
@list l6:level1 |
|
{mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
|
mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
|
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
|
mso-level-number-position:left; |
|
text-indent:-.25in; |
|
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:Symbol;} |
|
@list l7 |
|
{mso-list-id:620840603; |
|
mso-list-template-ids:-1801667564;} |
|
@list l7:level1 |
|
{mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
|
mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
|
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
|
mso-level-number-position:left; |
|
text-indent:-.25in; |
|
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:Symbol;} |
|
@list l8 |
|
{mso-list-id:633027112; |
|
mso-list-template-ids:-1360881254;} |
|
@list l8:level1 |
|
{mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
|
mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
|
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
|
mso-level-number-position:left; |
|
text-indent:-.25in; |
|
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:Symbol;} |
|
@list l9 |
|
{mso-list-id:902104985; |
|
mso-list-template-ids:750025012;} |
|
@list l9:level1 |
|
{mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
|
mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
|
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
|
mso-level-number-position:left; |
|
text-indent:-.25in; |
|
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:Symbol;} |
|
@list l10 |
|
{mso-list-id:958562085; |
|
mso-list-template-ids:-55920690;} |
|
@list l10:level1 |
|
{mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
|
mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
|
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
|
mso-level-number-position:left; |
|
text-indent:-.25in; |
|
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:Symbol;} |
|
@list l11 |
|
{mso-list-id:1106390704; |
|
mso-list-template-ids:-953544102;} |
|
@list l11:level1 |
|
{mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
|
mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
|
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
|
mso-level-number-position:left; |
|
text-indent:-.25in; |
|
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:Symbol;} |
|
@list l11:level2 |
|
{mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
|
mso-level-text:o; |
|
mso-level-tab-stop:1.0in; |
|
mso-level-number-position:left; |
|
text-indent:-.25in; |
|
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:"Courier New"; |
|
mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";} |
|
@list l11:level3 |
|
{mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
|
mso-level-text:\F0A7; |
|
mso-level-tab-stop:1.5in; |
|
mso-level-number-position:left; |
|
text-indent:-.25in; |
|
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:Wingdings;} |
|
@list l12 |
|
{mso-list-id:1409960379; |
|
mso-list-template-ids:-1094543752;} |
|
@list l12:level1 |
|
{mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
|
mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
|
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
|
mso-level-number-position:left; |
|
text-indent:-.25in; |
|
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:Symbol;} |
|
@list l13 |
|
{mso-list-id:1721326241; |
|
mso-list-template-ids:644010464;} |
|
@list l13:level1 |
|
{mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
|
mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
|
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
|
mso-level-number-position:left; |
|
text-indent:-.25in; |
|
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:Symbol;} |
|
@list l14 |
|
{mso-list-id:1731073149; |
|
mso-list-template-ids:-2060307636;} |
|
@list l14:level1 |
|
{mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
|
mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
|
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
|
mso-level-number-position:left; |
|
text-indent:-.25in; |
|
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:Symbol;} |
|
@list l15 |
|
{mso-list-id:1950238906; |
|
mso-list-template-ids:-1705468504;} |
|
@list l15:level1 |
|
{mso-level-number-format:bullet; |
|
mso-level-text:\F0B7; |
|
mso-level-tab-stop:.5in; |
|
mso-level-number-position:left; |
|
text-indent:-.25in; |
|
mso-ansi-font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:Symbol;} |
|
ol |
|
{margin-bottom:0in;} |
|
ul |
|
{margin-bottom:0in;} |
|
--> |
|
</style> |
|
<!--[if gte mso 10]> |
|
<style> |
|
/* Style Definitions */ |
|
table.MsoNormalTable |
|
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; |
|
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; |
|
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; |
|
mso-style-noshow:yes; |
|
mso-style-parent:""; |
|
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; |
|
mso-para-margin:0in; |
|
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; |
|
mso-pagination:widow-orphan; |
|
font-size:10.0pt; |
|
font-family:"Times New Roman";} |
|
</style> |
|
<![endif]--> |
</head> | </head> |
<body> |
|
<h2>OpenPegasus 2.6 SSL Guidelines</h2> |
|
<p><b>Version: </b>1.1<br> |
|
<b>Created: </b>July 20, 2005</p> |
<body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=blue style='tab-interval:.5in'> |
<b>Updated: November</b> 23, 2006 |
|
<p></p> |
<div class=Section1> |
<ul> |
|
<li> |
<h2><span class=SpellE>OpenPegasus</span> 2.6 SSL Guidelines</h2> |
<a href="#OVERVIEW">Overview</a> |
|
<li> |
<p><b>Version: </b>1.2<br> |
<a href="#RELATED">Related Information</a> |
<b>Created: </b><st1:date Year="2005" Day="20" Month="7">July 20, 2005</st1:date></p> |
<li> |
|
<a href="#BUILDING">Building Pegasus with SSL</a> |
<p class=MsoNormal><b>Updated: </b><st1:date Year="2006" Day="19" |
<li> |
Month="12"><b>December</b> 19, 2006</st1:date> </p> |
<a href="#CERTS">Creating SSL Certificates</a> |
|
<li> |
<ul type=disc> |
<a href="#CONFIGURE">Configuring Pegasus for SSL</a> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
<li> |
mso-list:l7 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#OVERVIEW">Overview</a> |
<a href="#DESIGN">SSL Design Question List</a> |
</li> |
<li> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
<a href="#TRUSTSTORE">Truststore Management</a> |
mso-list:l7 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#RELATED">Related |
<li> |
Information</a> </li> |
<a href="#CLI">cimtrust & cimcrl CLI</a> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
<li> |
mso-list:l7 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#BUILDING">Building |
<a href="#CLIENT">Configuring the Pegasus CIM Client for SSL</a> |
Pegasus with SSL</a> </li> |
<li> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
<a href="#AUTH">SSL Authorization</a> |
mso-list:l7 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#CERTS">Creating SSL |
<li> |
Certificates</a> </li> |
<a href="#EXT">Critical Extension Handling</a> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
<li> |
mso-list:l7 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#CONFIGURE">Configuring |
<a href="#RESOURCES">Resources</a> |
Pegasus for SSL</a> </li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l7 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#DESIGN">SSL Design |
|
Question List</a> </li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l7 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#TRUSTSTORE"><span |
|
class=SpellE>Truststore</span> Management</a> </li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l7 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#CLI"><span |
|
class=SpellE>cimtrust</span> & <span class=SpellE>cimcrl</span> CLI</a> |
|
</li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l7 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#CLIENT">Configuring |
|
the Pegasus CIM Client for SSL</a> </li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l7 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#AUTH">SSL |
|
Authorization</a> </li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l7 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#EXT">Critical |
|
Extension Handling</a> </li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l7 level1 lfo1;tab-stops:list .5in'><a href="#RESOURCES">Resources</a> |
</li> | </li> |
</ul> | </ul> |
<h3><a name="OVERVIEW">Overview</a></h3> |
|
<p> |
<h3><a name=OVERVIEW>Overview</a></h3> |
The following document serves as a guide on how to build and configure Pegasus |
|
for SSL support. It also discusses how to utilize a certificate-based |
<p>The following document serves as a guide on how to build and configure |
infrastructure and configure the Pegasus CIM client. |
Pegasus for SSL support. It also discusses how to utilize a certificate-based |
</p> |
infrastructure and configure the Pegasus CIM client. </p> |
<p>This guide requires a basic understanding of SSL, OpenSSL, and basic |
|
authentication. This guide is intended to help developers and administrators |
<p>This guide requires a basic understanding of SSL, <span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span>, |
make the right decisions about how to use SSL for their particular application. |
and basic authentication. This guide is intended to help developers and |
It is not intended to be a primary source of education on SSL. If you are not |
administrators make the right decisions about how to use SSL for their |
familiar with these technologies, consult the sources in the <a href="#RESOURCES">Resources</a> |
particular application. It is not intended to be a primary source of education |
section at the bottom. |
on SSL. If you are not familiar with these <span class=GramE>technologies</span>, |
</p> |
consult the sources in the <a href="#RESOURCES">Resources</a> section at the |
<p></p> |
bottom. </p> |
<p>Note: In this document, the term "trust" refers only to authentication. It does |
|
not imply full trust in the traditional sense, because it does not take into |
<p>Note: In this document, the term "trust" refers only to |
account authorization checks. It remains the responsibility of providers and |
authentication. It does not imply full trust in the traditional sense, because |
clients to perform authorization, and therefore establish real trust. Likewise, |
it does not take into account authorization checks. It remains the |
the term "Trust Store" can be misleading since the "store" is only a source of |
responsibility of providers and clients to perform authorization, and therefore |
authentication credentials. Please bear this in mind when documenting |
establish real trust. Likewise, the term "Trust Store" can be |
recommended deployments or building clients or providers. |
misleading since the "store" is only a source of authentication |
</p> |
credentials. Please bear this in mind when documenting recommended deployments |
<h3><a name="RELATED">Related Information</a></h3> |
or building clients or providers. </p> |
A significant portion of the information in this document is taken from various |
|
PEP's. This document attempts to bring all of this information together in a |
<h3><a name=RELATED>Related Information</a></h3> |
cohesive and simplified format. |
|
<p></p> |
<p class=MsoNormal>A significant portion of the information in this document is |
<ul> |
taken <span class=GramE>from various <span class=SpellE>PEP's</span></span>. |
<li> |
This document attempts to bring all of this information together in a cohesive |
PEP#035 - Add support for /dev/random in SSLContext |
and simplified format. </p> |
<li> |
|
PEP#060 - SSL support in CIM/XML indication delivery |
<ul type=disc> |
<li> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
PEP#074 - SSLContext and Certificate verification interface enhancement |
mso-list:l15 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list .5in'>PEP#035 - Add support for |
<li> |
/dev/random in <span class=SpellE>SSLContext</span> </li> |
PEP#165 - SSL Client Verification |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
<li> |
mso-list:l15 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list .5in'>PEP#060 - SSL support in |
PEP#187 - SSL Certificate Management Enhancements |
CIM/XML indication delivery </li> |
<li> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
PEP#200 - Recommended OpenPegasus 2.5 Build and Configuration Options for |
mso-list:l15 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list .5in'>PEP#074 - <span |
|
class=SpellE>SSLContext</span> and Certificate verification interface |
|
enhancement </li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l15 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list .5in'>PEP#165 - SSL Client |
|
Verification </li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l15 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list .5in'>PEP#187 - SSL Certificate |
|
Management Enhancements </li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l15 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list .5in'>PEP#200 - Recommended <span |
|
class=SpellE>OpenPegasus</span> 2.5 Build and Configuration Options for |
Selected Platforms</li> | Selected Platforms</li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l15 level1 lfo2;tab-stops:list .5in'>PEP#268 – SSL Client Certificate |
|
Propagation</li> |
</ul> | </ul> |
<p></p> |
|
<h3><a name="BUILDING">Building Pegasus with SSL</a></h3> |
<h3><a name=BUILDING>Building Pegasus with SSL</a></h3> |
<p> |
|
To build Pegasus with HTTPS support, you will need to build against the <a href="http://www.openssl.org"> |
<p>To build Pegasus with HTTPS support, you will need to build against the <a |
OpenSSL package</a>. <font style="COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)" color="magenta">The SSL |
href="http://www.openssl.org"><span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> package</a>. <span |
support outlined here has been tested against recent releases of the major |
style='color:black'>The SSL support outlined here has been tested against |
versions 0.9.7X and 0.9.8X (most notably, 0.9.7d). Because some versions of |
recent releases of the major versions 0.9.7X and 0.9.8X (most notably, 0.9.7d). |
0.9.6X do not contain full support for the security functions that Pegasus |
Because some versions of 0.9.6X do not contain full support for the security |
utilizes (for example, certificate-based authentication is not fully supported |
functions that Pegasus utilizes (for example, certificate-based authentication |
by some versions of 0.9.6X), Pegasus does not officially support major version |
is not fully supported by some versions of 0.9.6X), Pegasus does not officially |
0.9.6. See Bugzilla 4048 for more information. </font>Because this is an |
support major version 0.9.6. See <span class=SpellE>Bugzilla</span> 4048 for |
open source project, the SSL support has been tested with many versions of |
more information. </span>Because this is an open source project, the SSL |
OpenSSL, but we cannot guarantee it has been tested with every version on every |
support has been tested with many versions of <span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span>, |
platform. A list of recent OpenSSL releases, and important-to-review security |
but we cannot guarantee it has been tested with every version on every |
advisories and fixes, can be found on the <a href="http://www.openssl.org/news">OpenSSL |
platform. A list of recent <span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> releases, and |
News page</a>. |
important-to-review security advisories and fixes, can be found on the <a |
</p> |
href="http://www.openssl.org/news"><span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> News page</a>. |
<p> |
</p> |
After grabbing the OpenSSL source tarball, you need to set the following |
|
environment variables before building Pegasus: |
<p>After grabbing the <span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> source <span |
</p> |
class=SpellE>tarball</span>, you need to set the following environment |
<ul> |
variables before building Pegasus: </p> |
<li> |
|
PEGASUS_HAS_SSL=1 |
<ul type=disc> |
<li> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
OPENSSL_HOME=<location of the SDK package> This directory must contain |
mso-list:l14 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in'>PEGASUS_HAS_SSL=1 </li> |
the OpenSSL include directory, $(OPENSSL_HOME)/include, and the OpenSSL library |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
directory, $(OPENSSL_HOME)/lib. |
mso-list:l14 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in'>OPENSSL_HOME=<location of |
<li> |
the SDK package> <span class=GramE>This</span> directory must contain |
OPENSSL_BIN=<location of the binary package> This only needs to be set if |
the <span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> include directory, |
the OpenSSL binaries are not in $(OPENSSL_HOME)/bin.</li> |
$(OPENSSL_HOME)/include, and the <span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> library |
</ul> |
directory, $(OPENSSL_HOME)/lib. </li> |
Note that Pegasus supports SSLv3 and TLSv1 by default. It does NOT support |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
SSLv2. To turn on SSLv2 support, enable the additional environment variable: |
mso-list:l14 level1 lfo3;tab-stops:list .5in'>OPENSSL_BIN=<location of |
<ul> |
the binary package> <span class=GramE>This</span> only needs to be set |
<li> |
if the <span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> binaries are not in |
PEGASUS_ENABLE_SSLV2=1 |
$(OPENSSL_HOME)/bin.</li> |
</li> |
|
</ul> | </ul> |
<p> |
|
It is not recommended to enable this protocol, as there have been many security |
<p class=MsoNormal>Note that Pegasus supports SSLv3 and TLSv1 by default. It |
weaknesses associated with it. Unless you are dealing with very outdated |
does NOT support SSLv2. To turn on SSLv2 support, enable the additional |
clients, you probably do not need to enable it. |
environment variable: </p> |
</p> |
|
<p> |
<ul type=disc> |
After setting these variables, proceed as normal with the build instructions in |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
the readme file. |
mso-list:l9 level1 lfo4;tab-stops:list .5in'>PEGASUS_ENABLE_SSLV2=1 </li> |
</p> |
</ul> |
<h3><a name="CERTS">Creating SSL Certificates</a></h3> |
|
There are two options for creating the CIMOM's certificate: |
<p>It is not recommended to enable this protocol, as there have been many |
<ul> |
security weaknesses associated with it. Unless you are dealing with very |
<li> |
outdated clients, you probably do not need to enable it. </p> |
Self-signed certificate |
|
<li> |
<p>After setting these variables, proceed as normal with the build instructions |
Certificate issued by a third-party certificate authority</li> |
in the <span class=SpellE>readme</span> file. </p> |
|
|
|
<h3><a name=CERTS>Creating SSL Certificates</a></h3> |
|
|
|
<p class=MsoNormal>There are two options for creating the <span class=SpellE>CIMOM's</span> |
|
certificate: </p> |
|
|
|
<ul type=disc> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l5 level1 lfo5;tab-stops:list .5in'>Self-signed certificate </li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l5 level1 lfo5;tab-stops:list .5in'>Certificate issued by a |
|
third-party certificate authority</li> |
</ul> | </ul> |
<p> |
|
To generate a self-signed certificate, you must create a private key, a |
<p>To generate a self-signed certificate, you must create a private key, a |
certificate signing request (CSR), and finally the public x509 certificate. You | certificate signing request (CSR), and finally the public x509 certificate. You |
also need an SSL configuration file that defines the parameters of the | also need an SSL configuration file that defines the parameters of the |
Distinguished Name (DN). You can use the one that comes with Pegasus, ssl.cnf |
Distinguished Name (DN). You can use the one that comes with Pegasus, <span |
in the root directory, or generate your own. For a self-signed certificate, the |
class=SpellE>ssl.cnf</span> in the root directory, or generate your own. For a |
subject is the same as the issuer. Execute the following commands to create a |
self-signed certificate, the subject is the same as the issuer. Execute the |
self-signed certificate. The PEGASUS_ROOT and PEGASUS_HOME have to be set to |
following commands to create a self-signed certificate. The PEGASUS_ROOT and |
your respective installation and source directory. You will also need an |
PEGASUS_HOME have to be set to your respective installation and source |
OpenSSL configuration file. There is a sample configuration file that comes |
directory. You will also need an <span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> |
with the OpenSSL package. |
configuration file. There is a sample configuration file that comes with the <span |
</p> |
class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> package. </p> |
<p></p> |
|
<ul> |
<ul type=disc> |
<li> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
To generate a private key, execute the following:<br> |
mso-list:l12 level1 lfo6;tab-stops:list .5in'>To generate a private key, |
<font color="#009900" face="courier">openssl genrsa -out myserver.key 1024</font><br> |
execute the following<span class=GramE>:</span><br> |
Set the "sslKeyFilePath" configuration property to point to this key file. |
<span class=SpellE><span style='font-family:Courier;color:#009900'>openssl</span></span><span |
<li> |
style='font-family:Courier;color:#009900'> <span class=SpellE>genrsa</span> |
To generate a certificate signing request, execute the following:<br> |
-out <span class=SpellE>myserver.key</span> 1024</span><br> |
<font color="#009900" face="courier">openssl req -config openssl.cnf -new -key |
Set the "<span class=SpellE>sslKeyFilePath</span>" configuration |
myserver.key -out myserver.csr</font> |
property to point to this key file. </li> |
<li> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
At this point, the certificate signing request can be sent out to a third-party |
mso-list:l12 level1 lfo6;tab-stops:list .5in'>To generate a certificate |
certificate authority for signing, or a self-signed certificate can be |
signing request, execute the following:<br> |
generated. To generate a self-signed certificate, execute the following:<br> |
<span class=SpellE><span style='font-family:Courier;color:#009900'>openssl</span></span><span |
<font color="#009900" face="courier">openssl x509 -in myserver.csr -out |
style='font-family:Courier;color:#009900'> <span class=SpellE>req</span> -<span |
myserver.cert -req -signkey myserver.key -days 365</font><br> |
class=SpellE>config</span> <span class=SpellE>openssl.cnf</span> -new -key |
Set the "sslCertificateFilePath" configuration property to point to this |
<span class=SpellE>myserver.key</span> -out <span class=SpellE>myserver.csr</span></span> |
certificate file. The above CSR file can be discarded after the certificate is |
|
created. |
|
</li> | </li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l12 level1 lfo6;tab-stops:list .5in'>At this point, the |
|
certificate signing request can be sent out to a third-party certificate |
|
authority for signing, or a self-signed certificate can be generated. To |
|
generate a self-signed certificate, execute the following<span |
|
class=GramE>:</span><br> |
|
<span class=SpellE><span style='font-family:Courier;color:#009900'>openssl</span></span><span |
|
style='font-family:Courier;color:#009900'> x509 -in <span class=SpellE>myserver.csr</span> |
|
-out <span class=SpellE>myserver.cert</span> -<span class=SpellE>req</span> |
|
-<span class=SpellE>signkey</span> <span class=SpellE>myserver.key</span> |
|
-days 365</span><br> |
|
Set the "<span class=SpellE>sslCertificateFilePath</span>" |
|
configuration property to point to this certificate file. The above CSR |
|
file can be discarded after the certificate is created. </li> |
</ul> | </ul> |
<p> |
|
After creating the keypair, make sure you protect the information sufficiently |
<p>After creating the <span class=SpellE>keypair</span>, make sure you protect |
by changing permissions on the files and/or directories. The following table |
the information sufficiently by changing permissions on the files and/or |
shows the recommended privileges: |
directories. The following table shows the recommended privileges: </p> |
</p> |
|
<p> |
<table class=MsoNormalTable border=1 cellspacing=1 cellpadding=0 width="30%" |
<table border="1" cellspacing="1" width="30%"> |
style='width:30.0%;mso-cellspacing:.7pt'> |
<tbody> |
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0'> |
<tr> |
<td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'> |
<th> |
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b>SSL file<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
<b>SSL file</b></th> |
</td> |
<th> |
<td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'> |
<b>Pegasus Config property</b></th> |
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Pegasus <span |
<th> |
class=SpellE>Config</span> property<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
<b>Permissions</b></th> |
</td> |
|
<td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'> |
|
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><b>Permissions<o:p></o:p></b></p> |
|
</td> |
</tr> | </tr> |
<tr> |
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1'> |
<td>Private key</td> |
<td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'> |
<td>sslKeyFilePath</td> |
<p class=MsoNormal>Private key</p> |
<td>rwx------</td> |
</td> |
|
<td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'> |
|
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=SpellE>sslKeyFilePath</span></p> |
|
</td> |
|
<td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'> |
|
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=SpellE>rwx</span>------</p> |
|
</td> |
</tr> | </tr> |
<tr> |
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2'> |
<td>Public certificate</td> |
<td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'> |
<td>sslCertificateFilePath</td> |
<p class=MsoNormal>Public certificate</p> |
<td>rwxr-xr-x</td> |
</td> |
|
<td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'> |
|
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=SpellE>sslCertificateFilePath</span></p> |
|
</td> |
|
<td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'> |
|
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=SpellE>rwxr-xr-x</span></p> |
|
</td> |
</tr> | </tr> |
<tr> |
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:3'> |
<td>Truststore</td> |
<td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'> |
<td>sslTrustStore</td> |
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=SpellE>Truststore</span></p> |
<td>rwxr-xr-x</td> |
</td> |
|
<td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'> |
|
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=SpellE>sslTrustStore</span></p> |
|
</td> |
|
<td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'> |
|
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=SpellE>rwxr-xr-x</span></p> |
|
</td> |
</tr> | </tr> |
<tr> |
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:4;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'> |
<td>CRL store |
<td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'> |
|
<p class=MsoNormal>CRL store </p> |
|
</td> |
|
<td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'> |
|
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=SpellE>crlStore</span></p> |
|
</td> |
|
<td style='padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt'> |
|
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=SpellE>rwxr-xr-x</span></p> |
</td> | </td> |
<td>crlStore</td> |
|
<td>rwxr-xr-x</td> |
|
</tr> | </tr> |
</tbody> |
|
</table> | </table> |
</p> |
|
<p>The administrator is responsible for ensuring that the above file permissions |
<p>The administrator is responsible for ensuring that the above file |
are set correctly. The administrator should also ensure that all containing |
permissions are set correctly. The administrator should also ensure that all |
directories all the way up to the base directory are not world-writable. |
containing directories all the way up to the base directory are not |
Pegasus only checks the following conditions when starting up: |
world-writable. Pegasus only checks the following conditions when starting up: </p> |
</p> |
|
<ul> |
<ul type=disc> |
<li> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
The sslKeyFilePath and the sslCertificateFilePath are readable by the CIMOM. |
mso-list:l1 level1 lfo7;tab-stops:list .5in'>The <span class=SpellE>sslKeyFilePath</span> |
<li> |
and the <span class=SpellE>sslCertificateFilePath</span> are readable by |
The sslTrustStore and crlStore are readable by the CIMOM if they are a single |
the CIMOM. </li> |
file. |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
<li> |
mso-list:l1 level1 lfo7;tab-stops:list .5in'>The <span class=SpellE>sslTrustStore</span> |
The sslTrustStore and crlStore are readable and writable by the CIMOM if they |
and <span class=SpellE>crlStore</span> are readable by the CIMOM if they |
are a directory.</li> |
are a single file. </li> |
</ul> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
<p> |
mso-list:l1 level1 lfo7;tab-stops:list .5in'>The <span class=SpellE>sslTrustStore</span> |
These same file permissions should be used for protecting a client's private |
and <span class=SpellE>crlStore</span> are readable and writable by the |
key, public key, truststore, and crl store as well. |
CIMOM if they are a directory.</li> |
</p> |
</ul> |
<p> |
|
For more information on generating keys and certificates, consult the <a href="http://www.openssl.org/docs/HOWTO/"> |
<p>These same file permissions should be used for protecting a client's private |
OpenSSL HOW-TO documentation</a>. |
key, public key, <span class=SpellE>truststore</span>, and <span class=SpellE>crl</span> |
</p> |
store as well. </p> |
<h3><a name="CONFIGURE">Configuring Pegasus for SSL</a></h3> |
|
There are many environment variable settings associated with SSL. Here is a |
<p>For more information on generating keys and certificates, consult the <a |
brief discussion of the subtleties of these options and how they work together |
href="http://www.openssl.org/docs/HOWTO/"><span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> |
to create a more secure environment. More information on the default and |
HOW-TO documentation</a>. </p> |
recommended settings can be found in PEP#200 Recommended OpenPegasus 2.5 Build |
|
and Configuration Options for Selected Platforms. Additionally, the section on <a href="#DESIGN"> |
<h3><a name=CONFIGURE>Configuring Pegasus for SSL</a></h3> |
Design Question List</a> should help determine what these settings should |
|
be for a given application. |
<p class=MsoNormal>There are many environment variable settings associated with |
<p><b>enableHttpsConnection</b><br> |
SSL. Here is a brief discussion of the subtleties of these options and how they |
|
work together to create a more secure environment. More information on the |
|
default and recommended settings can be found in PEP#200 Recommended <span |
|
class=SpellE>OpenPegasus</span> 2.5 Build and Configuration Options for |
|
Selected Platforms. Additionally, the section on <a href="#DESIGN">Design |
|
Question List</a> should help determine what these settings should be for a |
|
given application. </p> |
|
|
|
<p><span class=SpellE><span class=GramE><b>enableHttpsConnection</b></span></span><br> |
This is disabled by default on most platforms. It is recommended that all | This is disabled by default on most platforms. It is recommended that all |
remote communication be done over the HTTPS port. However, if you are sending |
remote communication be done over the HTTPS port. However, if you are sending <span |
cleartext passwords over the wire, it is imperative that you only use the |
class=SpellE>cleartext</span> passwords over the wire, it is imperative that |
secure port. For added security, the HTTP port can be disabled to prevent |
you only use the secure port. For added security, the HTTP port can be disabled |
clients from connecting to it. The HTTPS connection is enabled by default only |
to prevent clients from connecting to it. The HTTPS connection is enabled by |
on the following platforms: |
default only on the following platforms: </p> |
</p> |
|
<p></p> |
<ul type=disc> |
<ul> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
<li> |
mso-list:l6 level1 lfo8;tab-stops:list .5in'>LINUX </li> |
LINUX |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
<li> |
mso-list:l6 level1 lfo8;tab-stops:list .5in'>OS-400 </li> |
OS-400 |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
<li> |
mso-list:l6 level1 lfo8;tab-stops:list .5in'>HP_UX (if |
HP_UX (if PEGASUS_USE_RELEASE_CONFIG_OPTIONS is true) |
PEGASUS_USE_RELEASE_CONFIG_OPTIONS is true) </li> |
<li> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
VMS (if PEGASUS_USE_RELEASE_CONFIG_OPTIONS is true)</li> |
mso-list:l6 level1 lfo8;tab-stops:list .5in'>VMS (if |
</ul> |
PEGASUS_USE_RELEASE_CONFIG_OPTIONS is true)</li> |
<p></p> |
</ul> |
<p> |
|
<b>httpsPort</b><br> |
<p><span class=SpellE><span class=GramE><b>httpsPort</b></span></span><br> |
The default setting is 5989, the official WBEM secure port. |
The default setting is 5989, the official WBEM secure port. </p> |
</p> |
|
<p> |
<p><span class=SpellE><span class=GramE><b>sslCertificateFilePath</b></span></span> |
<b>sslCertificateFilePath</b> |
|
<br> | <br> |
This is the path to the x509 server certificate. The server certificate may be | This is the path to the x509 server certificate. The server certificate may be |
a chain in which case the file should contain PEM encoded certificates | a chain in which case the file should contain PEM encoded certificates |
|
|
signed certificate, the file only contains the self-signed certificate in PEM | signed certificate, the file only contains the self-signed certificate in PEM |
format. The certificate cannot be encrypted because there is currently no | format. The certificate cannot be encrypted because there is currently no |
mechanism for decrypting the certificate using a user-supplied password. This | mechanism for decrypting the certificate using a user-supplied password. This |
property must be defined if enableHttpsConnection is true. Any failure in |
property must be defined if <span class=SpellE>enableHttpsConnection</span> is |
finding this file will result in the cimserver failing to start. See <a href="#CERTS"> |
true. Any failure in finding this file will result in the <span class=SpellE>cimserver</span> |
Creating SSL Certificates</a> for more information. |
failing to start. See <a href="#CERTS">Creating SSL Certificates</a> for more |
</p> |
information. </p> |
<p><b>sslKeyFilePath</b><br> |
|
|
<p><span class=SpellE><span class=GramE><b>sslKeyFilePath</b></span></span><br> |
This is the path to the server's private key. All keys should be at least 1024 | This is the path to the server's private key. All keys should be at least 1024 |
bytes long. This property must be defined if enableHttpsConnection is true. Any |
bytes long. This property must be defined if <span class=SpellE>enableHttpsConnection</span> |
failure in finding this file will result in the cimserver failing to start. See <a href="#CERTS"> |
is true. Any failure in finding this file will result in the <span |
Creating SSL Certificate</a> for more information. |
class=SpellE>cimserver</span> failing to start. See <a href="#CERTS">Creating |
</p> |
SSL Certificate</a> for more information. </p> |
<p><b>sslClientVerificationMode</b><br> |
|
This setting controls how the cimserver (i.e. the HTTPS port) is configured. |
<p><span class=SpellE><span class=GramE><b>sslClientVerificationMode</b></span></span><br> |
There are three possible settings: disabled, required, optional. There is no |
This setting controls how the <span class=SpellE>cimserver</span> (i.e. the |
"right" setting for this property. The default is disabled and it is fine to |
HTTPS port) is configured. There are three possible settings: disabled, |
leave the setting as disabled if you are going to use basic authentication to |
required, optional. There is no "right" setting for this property. |
authenticate all client requests. In many applications where a physical person |
The default is disabled and it is fine to leave the setting as disabled if you |
is there to supply a username and password, basic authentication is sufficient. |
are going to use basic authentication to authenticate all client requests. In |
Other environments may be heterogeneous, in which case it makes sense to allow |
many applications where a physical person is there to supply a username and |
both basic authentication and SSL certificate verification. The setting of this |
password, basic authentication is sufficient. Other environments may be |
variable also impacts what happens during the OpenSSL handshake: |
heterogeneous, in which case it makes sense to allow both basic authentication |
</p> |
and SSL certificate verification. The setting of this variable also impacts |
<ul> |
what happens during the <span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> handshake: </p> |
<li> |
|
<b>"required"</b> |
<ul type=disc> |
-- The server requires that the client certificate be trusted in order for the |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
handshake to continue. If the client fails to send a certificate or sends an |
mso-list:l4 level1 lfo9;tab-stops:list .5in'><b>"<span class=GramE>required</span>"</b> |
untrusted certificate, the handshake is immediately terminated. |
-- The server requires that the client certificate be trusted in order for |
<li> |
the handshake to continue. If the client fails to send a certificate or |
<b>"optional"</b> -- The server will request that a client certificate be sent, |
sends an <span class=SpellE>untrusted</span> certificate, the handshake is |
but will continue the handshake even if no certificate is received. If |
immediately terminated. </li> |
authentication is enabled, the server will seek to authenticate the client via |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
an alternative method of authentication. <font style="COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)" color="magenta"> |
mso-list:l4 level1 lfo9;tab-stops:list .5in'><b>"<span class=GramE>optional</span>"</b> |
As of 2.5.1, if a certificate is sent but it is not validated, the handshake |
-- The server will request that a client certificate be sent, but will |
will fail. <i>Before 2.5.1,the handshake would have continued and basic |
continue the handshake even if no certificate is received. If |
authentication would have proceeded.</i></font> |
authentication is enabled, the server will seek to authenticate the client |
<li> |
via an alternative method of authentication. <span style='color:black'>As |
<b>"disabled"</b> -- The server will not prompt the client for a certificate. <i>This |
of 2.5.1, if a certificate is sent but it is not validated, the handshake |
is the default.</i></li> |
will fail. <i>Before 2.5.1<span class=GramE>,the</span> handshake would |
</ul> |
have continued and basic authentication would have proceeded.</i></span> </li> |
Pegasus currently ties a certificate to a valid OS user. Multiple certificates |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
may be registered to the same user. When a certificate is authenticated, |
mso-list:l4 level1 lfo9;tab-stops:list .5in'><b>"<span class=GramE>disabled</span>"</b> |
Pegasus views it in the same way as if a user was authenticated via basic |
-- The server will not prompt the client for a certificate. <i>This is the |
authentication. The providers receive the username that the certificate was |
default.</i></li> |
mapped to. See the SSL Authorization section for more information. |
</ul> |
<p><b>sslTrustStore</b><br> |
|
This setting controls the truststore for the cimserver's HTTPS connection. It |
<p class=MsoNormal>Pegasus currently ties a certificate to a valid OS user. |
can be either a directory or a single root CA file. When set to a directory, it |
Multiple certificates may be registered to the same user. When a certificate is |
is recommended that you use the cimtrust CLI to populate the truststore as |
authenticated, Pegasus views it in the same way as if a user was authenticated |
there are strict naming requirements for trusted certificate files. See the <a href="#CLI"> |
via basic authentication. The providers receive the username that the |
cimtrust & cimcrl CLI</a> section for further information. |
certificate was mapped to. See the SSL Authorization section for more |
</p> |
information. </p> |
<p><b>sslTrustStoreUserName</b><br> |
|
This setting is only utilized if the sslTrustStore is a single CA file. It is |
<p><span class=SpellE><span class=GramE><b>sslTrustStore</b></span></span><br> |
not used if the sslTrustStore setting is a directory, but it still must be set |
This setting controls the <span class=SpellE>truststore</span> for the <span |
to a valid system user. This is because the validation of the property is done |
class=SpellE>cimserver's</span> HTTPS connection. It can be either a directory |
independently of the sslTrustStore setting. This property represents the valid |
or a single root CA file. When set to a directory, it is recommended that you |
|
use the <span class=SpellE>cimtrust</span> CLI to populate the <span |
|
class=SpellE>truststore</span> as there are strict naming requirements for |
|
trusted certificate files. See the <a href="#CLI"><span class=SpellE>cimtrust</span> |
|
& <span class=SpellE>cimcrl</span> CLI</a> section for further information. |
|
</p> |
|
|
|
<p><span class=SpellE><span class=GramE><b>sslTrustStoreUserName</b></span></span><br> |
|
This setting is only utilized if the <span class=SpellE>sslTrustStore</span> is |
|
a single CA file. It is not used if the <span class=SpellE>sslTrustStore</span> |
|
setting is a directory, but it still must be set to a valid system user. This |
|
is because the validation of the property is done independently of the <span |
|
class=SpellE>sslTrustStore</span> setting. This property represents the valid |
OS user that corresponds to the root certificate. All requests authenticated | OS user that corresponds to the root certificate. All requests authenticated |
with a certificate under the root CA will be associated with this user and the | with a certificate under the root CA will be associated with this user and the |
username will be propagated to providers. If applications desire for there to | username will be propagated to providers. If applications desire for there to |
be a one-to-one correspondence between users and certificates, it is | be a one-to-one correspondence between users and certificates, it is |
recommended that each certificate be registered individually using the <a href="#CLI"> |
recommended that each certificate be registered individually using the <a |
cimtrust CLI</a>. |
href="#CLI"><span class=SpellE>cimtrust</span> CLI</a>. </p> |
</p> |
|
<p> |
<p><span class=SpellE><span class=GramE><b>crlStore</b></span></span><br> |
<b>crlStore</b><br> |
This is where the CRL (Certificate Revocation List) store resides. It is important |
This is where the CRL (Certificate Revocation List) store resides. It is |
to note that certificates are checked first against the CRL (if specified) and |
important to note that certificates are checked first against the CRL (if |
then against the server <span class=SpellE>truststore</span>. The <a href="#CLI"><span |
specified) and then against the server truststore. The <a href="#CLI">cimcrl CLI</a> |
class=SpellE>cimcrl</span> CLI</a> should be used for CRL management. </p> |
should be used for CRL management. |
|
</p> |
|
<h4>Configuration Limitations</h4> | <h4>Configuration Limitations</h4> |
The following are configuration limitations: |
|
<ul> |
<p class=MsoNormal>The following are configuration limitations: </p> |
<li> |
|
The x509 server certificate file cannot be encrypted. The reason for this is |
<ul type=disc> |
that there is currently no mechanism in Pegasus to grab the password needed to |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
unencrypt it. Therefore, the best way to secure the file is to follow the file |
mso-list:l2 level1 lfo10;tab-stops:list .5in'>The x509 server certificate |
permissions settings specified in <a href="#CERTS">Creating SSL Certificates.</a> |
file cannot be encrypted. The reason for this is that there is currently |
<li> |
no mechanism in Pegasus to grab the password needed to <span class=SpellE>unencrypt</span> |
There is no property to specify supported cipher lists at this time. Pegasus |
it. Therefore, the best way to secure the file is to follow the file |
uses the default OpenSSL cipher list. The cipher lists can be found at <a href="http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#SSL_v3_0_cipher_suites_"> |
permissions settings specified in <a href="#CERTS">Creating SSL |
http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#SSL_v3_0_cipher_suites_</a> and |
Certificates.</a> </li> |
<a href="http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#TLS_v1_0_cipher_suites_">http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#TLS_v1_0_cipher_suites_</a> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
<li> |
mso-list:l2 level1 lfo10;tab-stops:list .5in'>There is no property to |
The verification depth cannot be specified. Pegasus uses the default OpenSSL |
specify supported cipher lists at this time. Pegasus uses the default <span |
depth of 9. This means the OpenSSL will only accept client certificate chains |
class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> cipher list. The cipher lists can be found at <a |
up to 9 levels deep. |
href="http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#SSL_v3_0_cipher_suites_">http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#SSL_v3_0_cipher_suites_</a> |
<li> |
and <a |
No hostname checking is performed to ensure that the subject field of the |
href="http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#TLS_v1_0_cipher_suites_">http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#TLS_v1_0_cipher_suites_</a> |
distinguished name (DN) matches the hostname.</li> |
</li> |
</ul> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
<h3><a name="DESIGN">SSL Design Question List</a></h3> |
mso-list:l2 level1 lfo10;tab-stops:list .5in'>The verification depth |
<p>The following questions may be helpful in determining how to configure Pegasus |
cannot be specified. Pegasus uses the default <span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> |
CIM Server.</p> |
depth of 9. This means the <span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> will only |
<b>Should I enable the HTTPS port?</b><br> |
accept client certificate chains up to 9 levels deep. </li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l2 level1 lfo10;tab-stops:list .5in'>No hostname checking is |
|
performed to ensure that the subject field of the distinguished name (DN) |
|
matches the hostname.</li> |
|
</ul> |
|
|
|
<h3><a name=DESIGN>SSL Design Question List</a></h3> |
|
|
|
<p>The following questions may be helpful in determining how to configure |
|
Pegasus CIM Server.</p> |
|
|
|
<p class=MsoNormal><b>Should I enable the HTTPS port?</b><br> |
Yes, especially if you are sending passwords with requests. The HTTP port can | Yes, especially if you are sending passwords with requests. The HTTP port can |
be disabled for additional security if desired. |
be disabled for additional security if desired. <br> |
<br> |
<b>Should I configure the CIMOM to use a <span class=SpellE>truststore</span>?</b><br> |
<b>Should I configure the CIMOM to use a truststore?</b><br> |
|
This depends on the infrastructure of the application. If all clients are using | This depends on the infrastructure of the application. If all clients are using |
basic authentication over the secure port (and the passwords are secured), then | basic authentication over the secure port (and the passwords are secured), then |
a truststore may not be needed. If an application does not want to store |
a <span class=SpellE>truststore</span> may not be needed. If an application |
user/pw information, then it is a good idea to use a certificate-based |
does not want to store user/<span class=SpellE>pw</span> information, then it |
infrastructure. If a CIMOM certificate is compromised, the cimserver and the |
is a good idea to use a certificate-based infrastructure. If a CIMOM |
|
certificate is compromised, the <span class=SpellE>cimserver</span> and the |
providers of the system are compromised. The severity of this scenario is | providers of the system are compromised. The severity of this scenario is |
dependent on the resources the providers have access to. If an OS password is | dependent on the resources the providers have access to. If an OS password is |
compromised, the entire system may be compromised. If using peer verification, | compromised, the entire system may be compromised. If using peer verification, |
it is important to ensure that 1) the cimserver is properly configured to use a |
it is important to ensure that 1) the <span class=SpellE>cimserver</span> is |
truststore, 2) the truststore is loaded properly and protected, and 3) |
properly configured to use a <span class=SpellE>truststore</span>, 2) the <span |
|
class=SpellE>truststore</span> is loaded properly and protected, and 3) |
authorization checks are performed after a certificate is verified. These same | authorization checks are performed after a certificate is verified. These same |
conditions also apply to a client that is verifying a server.<br> | conditions also apply to a client that is verifying a server.<br> |
<b>Should I use a self-signed certificate or one issued by a third-party | <b>Should I use a self-signed certificate or one issued by a third-party |
certificate authority?</b><br> | certificate authority?</b><br> |
Generally, scalability will determine whether it's appropriate to use a |
Generally, scalability will determine whether it's appropriate to use a self-signed |
self-signed certificate or one issued by Verisign or another third-party |
certificate or one issued by <span class=SpellE>Verisign</span> or another |
certificate authority. If an administrator administrates their self-signed |
third-party certificate authority. If an administrator administrates their |
certificates correctly, they are no less secure than one issued by a CA. What a |
self-signed certificates correctly, they are no less secure than one issued by |
CA buys you is scalability. An up front cost of setting up a CA relationship |
a CA. What a CA buys you is scalability. An up front cost of setting up a CA |
will be offset by the convenience of having that CA "vouch" for certs it has |
relationship will be offset by the convenience of having that CA |
signed, in large deployments. In small deployments the incremental cost might |
"vouch" for <span class=SpellE>certs</span> it has signed, in large |
never outweigh the initial CA-setup cost. |
deployments. In small deployments the incremental cost might never outweigh the |
<br> |
initial CA-setup cost. <br> |
One important thing to remember is that you should not use the same certificate | One important thing to remember is that you should not use the same certificate |
for multiple CIMOMs. If using a self-signed certificate, a different one should |
for multiple <span class=SpellE>CIMOMs</span>. If using a self-signed |
be generated for each CIMOM, using some unique piece of data to make them |
certificate, a different one should be generated for each CIMOM, using some |
different. That way, if one of the certificates is compromised, the other ones |
unique piece of data to make them different. That way, if one of the |
remain secure. |
certificates is compromised, the other ones remain secure. <br> |
<br> |
<b>Should the <span class=SpellE>truststore</span> be a single root CA file or |
<b>Should the truststore be a single root CA file or a directory?</b><br> |
a directory?</b><br> |
If you only anticipate connections from a narrowly defined set of clients, then | If you only anticipate connections from a narrowly defined set of clients, then |
a single root CA certificate file should be sufficient. Alternatively, multiple | a single root CA certificate file should be sufficient. Alternatively, multiple |
trusted certificates may be stored in PEM format inside of a single CA file. If | trusted certificates may be stored in PEM format inside of a single CA file. If |
you anticipate getting requests from a heterogeneous set of clients, then it | you anticipate getting requests from a heterogeneous set of clients, then it |
probably makes sense to use the directory option to allow flexibility in the | probably makes sense to use the directory option to allow flexibility in the |
future. In the latter scenario, the same single root CA file can still be used | future. In the latter scenario, the same single root CA file can still be used |
with the additional step of using cimtrust to register it. It's important to |
with the additional step of using <span class=SpellE>cimtrust</span> to |
note that when registering a root CA, only one user can be associated with ALL |
register it. It's important to note that when registering a root CA, only one |
certificates under that CA. Following the principle of least privilege, it is |
user can be associated with ALL certificates under that CA. Following the |
not a good idea to register a root CA to a privileged user if lesser privileged |
principle of least privilege, it is not a good idea to register a root CA to a |
users will be connecting with it. |
privileged user if lesser privileged users will be connecting with it. <br> |
<br> |
<b>How do I protect the <span class=SpellE>keystore</span> and the <span |
<b>How do I protect the keystore and the truststore?</b><br> |
class=SpellE>truststore</span>?</b><br> |
The server's private key should always be protected; it is private for a | The server's private key should always be protected; it is private for a |
reason. Only the system administrator should be able to see it. The public | reason. Only the system administrator should be able to see it. The public |
certificate can be viewed by anyone, however, it should be protected from |
certificate can be viewed by <span class=GramE>anyone,</span> however, it |
alteration by system users. Similarly, any truststore or CRL file or directory |
should be protected from alteration by system users. Similarly, any <span |
should also be protected from alteration. See <a href="#CERTS">Creating SSL |
class=SpellE>truststore</span> or CRL file or directory should also be |
Certificates</a> for the recommended file privileges. |
protected from alteration. See <a href="#CERTS">Creating SSL Certificates</a> |
<br> |
for the recommended file privileges. <br> |
<b>When do I need to use a CRL?</b><br> | <b>When do I need to use a CRL?</b><br> |
Certificate Revocation Lists are regularly issued by CA's. They contain a list | Certificate Revocation Lists are regularly issued by CA's. They contain a list |
of certificates that have been revoked. Any application using a CA certificate | of certificates that have been revoked. Any application using a CA certificate |
in its truststore should also implement CRLs (if the CA supports them). Pegasus |
in its <span class=SpellE>truststore</span> should also implement <span |
itself does not check CRL validity dates during startup. Therefore, it is the |
class=SpellE>CRLs</span> (if the CA supports them). Pegasus itself does not |
responsibility of the administrator to regularly download or acquire the CRL |
check CRL validity dates during startup. Therefore, it is the responsibility of |
and import it into the CRL store using the <a href="#CLI">cimcrl CLI</a>. <font style="COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)" color="magenta"> |
the administrator to regularly download or acquire the CRL and import it into |
CRLs are not checked for expiration during the SSL callback. This means that if |
the CRL store using the <a href="#CLI"><span class=SpellE>cimcrl</span> CLI</a>. |
a CRL for a particular issuer has expired, Pegasus still accepts certificates |
<span class=SpellE><span style='color:black'>CRLs</span></span><span |
from the issuer and uses the expired CRL as the latest. Again, it is the |
style='color:black'> are not checked for expiration during the SSL callback. |
responsibility of the administrator to ensure the CRL is up to date. CRLs are |
This means that if a CRL for a particular issuer has expired, Pegasus still |
not checked for critical extensions during CRL verification. If a CRL contains |
accepts certificates from the issuer and uses the expired CRL as the latest. |
a critical extension it will be ignored. </font> |
Again, it is the responsibility of the administrator to ensure the CRL is up to |
<br> |
date. <span class=SpellE>CRLs</span> are not checked for critical extensions |
|
during CRL verification. If a CRL contains a critical extension it will be |
|
ignored. </span><br> |
If using self-signed certificates, however, a CRL is most likely not needed | If using self-signed certificates, however, a CRL is most likely not needed |
(You can create a self-signed CRL but it is not really necessary). Because of | (You can create a self-signed CRL but it is not really necessary). Because of |
this, the certificate deletion option available via cimtrust is primarily |
this, the certificate deletion option available via <span class=SpellE>cimtrust</span> |
intended for self-signed certificates. Technically, CRL's are the correct way |
is primarily intended for self-signed certificates. Technically, <span |
to revoke compromised or invalid certificates. |
class=SpellE>CRL's</span> are the correct way to revoke compromised or invalid |
<br> |
certificates. <br> |
<b>What is the order of operations for certificate verification?</b><br> | <b>What is the order of operations for certificate verification?</b><br> |
The certificate is checked against any CRLs first before going through the rest |
The certificate is checked against any <span class=SpellE>CRLs</span> first |
of the verification process. Verification starts with the root certificate and |
before going through the rest of the verification process. Verification starts |
continues down to the peer certificate. If verification fails at any of these |
with the root certificate and continues down to the peer certificate. If |
points, the certificate is considered untrusted and the verification process |
verification fails at any of these points, the certificate is considered <span |
reports an error. |
class=SpellE>untrusted</span> and the verification process reports an error. </p> |
<h3><a name="TRUSTSTORE">Truststore Management</a></h3> |
|
There are two directions of trust in an SSL client-server handshake: The client |
<h3><a name=TRUSTSTORE></a><span class=SpellE><span style='mso-bookmark:TRUSTSTORE'>Truststore</span></span><span |
trusts the server. The server trusts the client. Pegasus provides a way to |
style='mso-bookmark:TRUSTSTORE'> Management</span></h3> |
implement one or both of these relationships. Ideally, an application should |
|
support both levels of trust for maximum security and this is the |
<p class=MsoNormal>There are two directions of trust in an SSL client-server |
implementation Pegasus recommends. However, in some scenarios it may make sense |
handshake: The client trusts the server. The server trusts the client. Pegasus |
to only implement one of these; in that case, it is possible to override the |
provides a way to implement one or both of these relationships. Ideally, an |
client or the server to "trust all certificates." For example, if all clients |
application should support both levels of trust for maximum security and this |
will be using basic authentication over HTTPS, then the server can be setup to |
is the implementation Pegasus recommends. However, in some scenarios it may |
"trust all client certificates." |
make sense to only implement one of these; in that case, it is possible to override |
<p> |
the client or the server to "trust all certificates." For example, if |
To tell the cimserver to require that all clients be trusted, simply set the |
all clients will be using basic authentication over HTTPS, then the server can |
sslClientVerification<font style="COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)" color="magenta">Mode</font> |
be setup to "trust all client certificates." </p> |
property to "required."<br> |
|
To tell the cimserver to trust all clients, set the sslClientVerification<font style="COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)" color="magenta">Mode</font> |
<p>To tell the <span class=SpellE>cimserver</span> to require that all clients |
property to "disabled" or "optional". |
be trusted, simply set the <span class=SpellE>sslClientVerification<span |
</p> |
style='color:black'>Mode</span></span> property to "required."<br> |
|
To tell the <span class=SpellE>cimserver</span> to trust all clients, set the <span |
|
class=SpellE>sslClientVerification<span style='color:black'>Mode</span></span> |
|
property to "disabled" or "optional". </p> |
|
|
<p>The SSL verification in Pegasus is independent of any other authentication | <p>The SSL verification in Pegasus is independent of any other authentication |
mechanism. It can still be utilized when authentication is disabled. When | mechanism. It can still be utilized when authentication is disabled. When |
authentication is enabled, the first line of defense is SSL client | authentication is enabled, the first line of defense is SSL client |
verification. <font style="COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)" color="magenta">In situations where a |
verification. <span style='color:black'>In situations where a client is not |
client is not authenticated by SSL because the client sent no certificate and |
authenticated by SSL because the client sent no certificate and the setting is |
the setting is "optional", the server will attempt to authenticate the client |
"optional", the server will attempt to authenticate the client via |
via another method of authentication . In this case, the authentication |
another method of <span class=GramE>authentication .</span> In this case, the |
mechanism specified by the configuration property "httpAuthType" will be used |
authentication mechanism specified by the configuration property "<span |
for remote connections and local authentication will be used for local |
class=SpellE>httpAuthType</span>" will be used for remote connections and |
connections. In situations where a client is not authenticated by SSL because |
local authentication will be used for local connections. In situations where a |
the client certificate was invalid, the handshake will be terminated. |
client is not authenticated by SSL because the client certificate was invalid, |
<br> |
the handshake will be terminated. <br> |
<i>Note: Before 2.5.1, in the latter case, authentication would have proceeded in |
<i>Note: Before 2.5.1, in the latter case, authentication would have proceeded |
the same way as if the client had sent no certificate. To enable the legacy |
in the same way as if the client had sent no certificate. To enable the legacy |
behavior, the compile-time flag PEGASUS_OVERRIDE_SSL_CERT_VERIFICATION_RESULT | behavior, the compile-time flag PEGASUS_OVERRIDE_SSL_CERT_VERIFICATION_RESULT |
should be defined.</i> </font> |
should be defined.</i> </span></p> |
</p> |
|
<p>See the <a href="#CLIENT">Configuring the Pegasus CIM Client for SSL</a> section |
<p>See the <a href="#CLIENT">Configuring the Pegasus CIM Client for SSL</a> |
below on how to setup the client's truststore. |
section below on how to setup the client's <span class=SpellE>truststore</span>. |
</p> |
</p> |
<h3><a name="CLI">cimtrust & cimcrl CLI</a></h3> |
|
cimtrust CLI may be used to add, remove or list X509 certificates in a PEM |
<h3><a name=CLI></a><span class=SpellE><span class=GramE><span |
format truststore. cimcrl CLI may be used to add, remove or list X509 |
style='mso-bookmark:CLI'>cimtrust</span></span></span><span style='mso-bookmark: |
Certificate Revocation Lists in a PEM format CRL store. The CLIs interface with |
CLI'> & <span class=SpellE>cimcrl</span> CLI</span></h3> |
a Certificate control provider that runs as part of Pegasus's core. It operates |
|
on the PG_SSLCertificate and PG_SSLCertificateRevocationList classes in |
<p class=MsoNormal><span class=SpellE><span class=GramE>cimtrust</span></span> |
root/PG_Internal. It is recommended that the CLIs be used in place of manual |
CLI may be used to add, remove or list X509 certificates in a PEM format <span |
configuration for several reasons: |
class=SpellE>truststore</span>. <span class=SpellE><span class=GramE>cimcrl</span></span> |
<ul> |
CLI may be used to add, remove or list X509 Certificate Revocation Lists in a |
<li> |
PEM format CRL store. The <span class=SpellE>CLIs</span> interface with a |
OpenSSL places strict naming restrictions on certificates and CRLs in a |
Certificate control provider that runs as part of Pegasus's core. It operates |
directory (the files are looked up via a subject hash code) |
on the <span class=SpellE>PG_SSLCertificate</span> and <span class=SpellE>PG_SSLCertificateRevocationList</span> |
<li> |
classes in root/<span class=SpellE>PG_Internal</span>. It is recommended that |
Certificate instances are stored in the repository along with the corresponding |
the <span class=SpellE>CLIs</span> be used in place of manual configuration for |
username. If the certificate is not properly registered, the username mapping |
several reasons: </p> |
will fail.<font color="magenta"> |
|
<span style="COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)">cimtrust CLI supports the |
<ul type=disc> |
ability to register a certificate without a username for root |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
certificates and intermediate certificates, since these certificates |
mso-list:l13 level1 lfo11;tab-stops:list .5in'><span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> |
represent a collection of users. In this scenario, each leaf |
places strict naming restrictions on certificates and <span class=SpellE>CRLs</span> |
certificate must be registered to an individual user. See the |
in a directory (the files are looked up via a subject hash code) </li> |
Authorization section for more information on username validation.</span></font> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
<li> |
mso-list:l13 level1 lfo11;tab-stops:list .5in'>Certificate instances are |
<font color="magenta"> |
stored in the repository along with the corresponding username. If the |
<span style="COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)">The CLIs, |
certificate is not properly registered, the username mapping will fail.<span |
or more correctly the provider they operate on, supports dynamic |
style='color:fuchsia'> </span><span class=SpellE><span class=GramE><span |
deletion of certificates by resetting the cimserver's SSL context.</span> |
style='color:black'>cimtrust</span></span></span><span style='color:black'> |
</font> |
CLI supports the ability to register a certificate without a username for |
Normally, you would need to stop and start the cimserver to accomplish this. |
root certificates and intermediate certificates, since these certificates |
<li> |
represent a collection of users. In this scenario, each leaf certificate |
The CLIs, or more correctly the provider they operate on, performs a ton of |
must be registered to an individual user. See the Authorization section |
error checking you would not get by manually configuring the stores. This |
for more information on username validation.</span> </li> |
alerts the administrator to various error conditions (e.g. the certificate |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l13 level1 lfo11;tab-stops:list .5in'><span style='color:black'>The |
|
<span class=SpellE>CLIs</span>, or more correctly the provider they |
|
operate on, supports dynamic deletion of certificates by resetting the <span |
|
class=SpellE>cimserver's</span> SSL context.</span><span style='color: |
|
fuchsia'> </span>Normally, you would need to stop and start the <span |
|
class=SpellE>cimserver</span> to accomplish this. </li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l13 level1 lfo11;tab-stops:list .5in'>The <span class=SpellE>CLIs</span>, |
|
or more correctly the provider they operate on, performs a ton of error |
|
checking you would not get by manually configuring the stores. This alerts |
|
the administrator to various error conditions (e.g. the certificate |
expired) associated with a certificate or CRL.</li> | expired) associated with a certificate or CRL.</li> |
</ul> | </ul> |
The CIMOM must be up and running while executing cimtrust/cimcrl CLI. The |
|
cimtrust and cimcrl manpages provide more information on commands and syntax. |
<p class=MsoNormal>The CIMOM must be up and running while executing <span |
<h3><a name="CLIENT">Configuring the Pegasus CIM Client for SSL</a></h3> |
class=SpellE>cimtrust/cimcrl</span> CLI. The <span class=SpellE>cimtrust</span> |
<p> |
and <span class=SpellE>cimcrl</span> <span class=SpellE>manpages</span> provide |
A Pegasus CIM client can be configured to use SSL by using a constructor that |
more information on commands and syntax. </p> |
takes an SSLContext. The construction of the SSLContext is really what controls |
|
the behavior of the client during the SSL handshake. Without going into minute |
<h3><a name=CLIENT>Configuring the Pegasus CIM Client for SSL</a></h3> |
details about what happens under the covers, here is a description of the |
|
various SSLContext constructor parameters. |
<p>A Pegasus CIM client can be configured to use SSL by using a constructor |
</p> |
that takes an <span class=SpellE>SSLContext</span>. The construction of the <span |
<p> |
class=SpellE>SSLContext</span> is really what controls the behavior of the |
Here's a code snippet that shows how to call a client constructor that connects |
client during the SSL handshake. Without going into minute details about what |
to a server over SSL and can present its own trusted certificate if the server |
happens under the covers, here is a description of the various <span |
requests it. In this scenario, the client also checks the server certificate |
class=SpellE>SSLContext</span> constructor parameters. </p> |
against its truststore and specifies an additional callback in addition to the |
|
default one (the user-specified callback is optional and can be set to null). |
<p>Here's a code snippet that shows how to call a client constructor that |
</p> |
connects to a server over SSL and can present its own trusted certificate if |
<ul> |
the server requests it. In this scenario, the client also checks the server |
<font face="courier">client.connect( hostname, port, <b>SSLContext(trustStore, |
certificate against its <span class=SpellE>truststore</span> and specifies an |
certPath, keyPath, verifyCert, randomFile),</b> username, password); </font> |
additional callback in addition to the default one (the user-specified callback |
</ul> |
is optional and can be set to null). </p> |
<p></p> |
|
<p> |
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><span class=SpellE><span |
Here's a code snippet that shows how to call a client constructor that connects |
class=GramE><span style='font-family:Courier'>client.connect</span></span></span><span |
to a server over SSL and does not possess its own trusted certificate. In this |
class=GramE><span style='font-family:Courier'>(</span></span><span |
scenario, the client also checks the server certificate against its truststore. |
style='font-family:Courier'> hostname, port, <span class=SpellE><b>SSLContext</b></span><b>(<span |
</p> |
class=SpellE>trustStore</span>, <span class=SpellE>certPath</span>, <span |
<ul> |
class=SpellE>keyPath</span>, <span class=SpellE>verifyCert</span>, <span |
<font face="courier">client.connect( hostname, port, <b>SSLContext(trustStore, NULL, |
class=SpellE>randomFile</span>),</b> username, password); </span></p> |
randomFile),</b> username password); </font> |
|
</ul> |
<p>Here's a code snippet that shows how to call a client constructor that |
<p></p> |
connects to a server over SSL and does not possess its own trusted certificate. |
<ul> |
In this scenario, the client also checks the server certificate against its <span |
<li> |
class=SpellE>truststore</span>. </p> |
<b>trustStore</b> |
|
-- This specifies the truststore that the client uses to verify server |
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><span class=SpellE><span |
certificates. It can be String::EMPTY if no truststore exists. |
class=GramE><span style='font-family:Courier'>client.connect</span></span></span><span |
<li> |
class=GramE><span style='font-family:Courier'>(</span></span><span |
<b>certPath</b> |
style='font-family:Courier'> hostname, port, <span class=SpellE><b>SSLContext</b></span><b>(<span |
-- This specifies the x509 certificate of the client that will be sent during |
class=SpellE>trustStore</span>, NULL, <span class=SpellE>randomFile</span>),</b> |
an SSL handshake. Note that this certificate will only be sent if the server |
username password); </span></p> |
requests it. If this option is specified, the keyPath parameter must also be |
|
specified. |
<ul type=disc> |
<li> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
<b>keyPath</b> |
mso-list:l3 level1 lfo14;tab-stops:list .5in'><span class=SpellE><span |
-- This specifies the private key of the client. If this option is specified, |
class=GramE><b>trustStore</b></span></span> -- This specifies the <span |
the certPath parameter must also be specified. |
class=SpellE>truststore</span> that the client uses to verify server |
<li> |
certificates. It can be <span class=SpellE>String::EMPTY</span> if no <span |
<b>crlPath</b> |
class=SpellE>truststore</span> exists. </li> |
-- This specifies an optional CRL store path. The client checks the CRL list |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
first, before attempting any further authentication, including the |
mso-list:l3 level1 lfo14;tab-stops:list .5in'><span class=SpellE><span |
user-specified callback. |
class=GramE><b>certPath</b></span></span> -- This specifies the x509 |
<li> |
certificate of the client that will be sent during an SSL handshake. Note |
<b>verifyCert</b> |
that this certificate will only be sent if the server requests it. If this |
-- This is a user-specified verification callback. If this is set to null, the |
option is specified, the <span class=SpellE>keyPath</span> parameter must |
default OpenSSL verification callback will be executed. You can implement this |
also be specified. </li> |
method to "trust all servers" or to perform additional authentication checks |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
that OpenSSL does not perform by default. |
mso-list:l3 level1 lfo14;tab-stops:list .5in'><span class=SpellE><span |
<li> |
class=GramE><b>keyPath</b></span></span> -- This specifies the private key |
<b>randomFile</b> -- A file to seed the pseudo random number generator (PRNG).</li> |
of the client. If this option is specified, the <span class=SpellE>certPath</span> |
|
parameter must also be specified. </li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l3 level1 lfo14;tab-stops:list .5in'><span class=SpellE><span |
|
class=GramE><b>crlPath</b></span></span> -- This specifies an optional CRL |
|
store path. The client checks the CRL list first, before attempting any |
|
further authentication, including the user-specified callback. </li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l3 level1 lfo14;tab-stops:list .5in'><span class=SpellE><span |
|
class=GramE><b>verifyCert</b></span></span> -- This is a user-specified |
|
verification callback. If this is set to null, the default <span |
|
class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> verification callback will be executed. You |
|
can implement this method to "trust all servers" or to perform |
|
additional authentication checks that <span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> |
|
does not perform by default. </li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l3 level1 lfo14;tab-stops:list .5in'><span class=SpellE><span |
|
class=GramE><b>randomFile</b></span></span> -- A file to seed the pseudo |
|
random number generator (PRNG).</li> |
</ul> | </ul> |
|
|
<p>Here are some general guidelines on implementing peer verification for the | <p>Here are some general guidelines on implementing peer verification for the |
client: |
client: </p> |
</p> |
|
<ul> |
<ul type=disc> |
<li> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
The client should enable peer verification by specifying a truststore and |
mso-list:l11 level1 lfo15;tab-stops:list .5in'>The client should enable |
(optionally) a user-specified callback function. |
peer verification by specifying a <span class=SpellE>truststore</span> and |
<li> |
(optionally) a user-specified callback function. </li> |
The client should employ a truststore in order to properly verify the server. |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
The truststore should contain a file or directory of trusted CA certificates. |
mso-list:l11 level1 lfo15;tab-stops:list .5in'>The client should employ a <span |
The cimtrust CLI cannot be used to configure client truststores. The trusted |
class=SpellE>truststore</span> in order to properly verify the server. The |
certificate(s) should be placed in a protected file or directory specified by |
<span class=SpellE>truststore</span> should contain a file or directory of |
the trustStore parameter. Keep in mind that the SSL context generally has to be |
trusted CA certificates. The <span class=SpellE>cimtrust</span> CLI cannot |
reloaded to pick up any truststore changes. |
be used to configure client <span class=SpellE>truststores</span>. The |
<li> |
trusted certificate(s) should be placed in a protected file or directory |
The client could also use a user-specified callback in addition to the default |
specified by the <span class=SpellE>trustStore</span> parameter. Keep in |
verification callback, if additional verifications are desired over the normal |
mind that the SSL context generally has to be reloaded to pick up any <span |
checks that OpenSSL performs. In most cases, the default verification callback |
class=SpellE>truststore</span> changes. </li> |
is sufficient for checking server certificates. |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
<li> |
mso-list:l11 level1 lfo15;tab-stops:list .5in'>The client could also use a |
The client should ensure that adequate entropy is attained. |
user-specified callback in addition to the default verification callback, |
<li> |
if additional verifications are desired over the normal checks that <span |
The client should use a CRL store if the truststore contains CA certificates |
class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> performs. In most cases, the default |
that support one. |
verification callback is sufficient for checking server certificates. </li> |
<li> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
The client should only use the SSLv3 and TLSv1 protocols. By default, Pegasus |
mso-list:l11 level1 lfo15;tab-stops:list .5in'>The client should ensure |
is not built with SSLv2 support. |
that adequate entropy is attained. </li> |
<li> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
The client should perform post-connection checks. |
mso-list:l11 level1 lfo15;tab-stops:list .5in'>The client should use a CRL |
<ul> |
store if the <span class=SpellE>truststore</span> contains CA certificates |
<li> |
that support one. </li> |
Ensure a certificate was received. |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
<ul> |
mso-list:l11 level1 lfo15;tab-stops:list .5in'>The client should only use |
<li> |
the SSLv3 and TLSv1 protocols. By default, Pegasus is not built with SSLv2 |
WARNING: In some implementations of SSL a NULL server certificate is |
support. </li> |
perfectly valid and authenticates against all trust stores. If the client |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
does not ensure a certificate exists then the client is not providing server |
mso-list:l11 level1 lfo15;tab-stops:list .5in'>The client should perform |
|
post-connection checks. </li> |
|
<ul type=circle> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt: |
|
auto;mso-list:l11 level2 lfo15;tab-stops:list 1.0in'>Ensure a certificate |
|
was received. </li> |
|
<ul type=square> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt: |
|
auto;mso-list:l11 level3 lfo15;tab-stops:list 1.5in'>WARNING: In |
|
some implementations of SSL a NULL server certificate is perfectly valid |
|
and authenticates against all trust stores. If the client does not |
|
ensure a certificate exists then the client is not providing server |
authentication and could have a security bulletin class defect.</li> | authentication and could have a security bulletin class defect.</li> |
</ul> | </ul> |
<li> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt: |
Validate that the certificate received was issued to the host for which the |
auto;mso-list:l11 level2 lfo15;tab-stops:list 1.0in'>Validate that the |
client was attempting to connect. |
certificate received was issued to the host for which the client was attempting |
<ul> |
to connect. </li> |
<li> |
<ul type=square> |
Ensure that the common name (CN) in the server’s certificate subject matches |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt: |
the host name of the server. For X509v3 certificates, the “<span class="SpellE">SubjectAltName</span>” |
auto;mso-list:l11 level3 lfo15;tab-stops:list 1.5in'>Ensure that the |
fields in the certificate's extended attributes are also valid host names for |
common name (CN) in the server’s certificate subject matches the host |
the certificate. |
name of the server. For X509v3 certificates, the “<span |
<li> |
class=SpellE><span class=spelle>SubjectAltName</span></span>” fields in |
WARNING: If the client does not ensure the host name of the server is the |
the certificate's extended attributes are also valid host names for the |
same as one of the host names explicitly described in the server’s certificate, |
certificate. </li> |
you have not authenticated the server’s identity. Any other server which |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt: |
was issued a certificate from the same trusted CA can masquerade as the server |
auto;mso-list:l11 level3 lfo15;tab-stops:list 1.5in'>WARNING: If |
unless the client performs the host name check.</li> |
the client does not ensure the host name of the server is the same as |
|
one of the host names explicitly described in the server’s certificate, |
|
you have not authenticated the server’s identity. Any other server |
|
which was issued a certificate from the same trusted CA can masquerade |
|
as the server unless the client performs the host name check.</li> |
</ul> | </ul> |
<li> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt: |
Ensure that certificate verification methods/routines return no errors.</li> |
auto;mso-list:l11 level2 lfo15;tab-stops:list 1.0in'>Ensure that |
|
certificate verification methods/routines return no errors.</li> |
</ul> | </ul> |
</li> |
|
</ul> | </ul> |
<p> |
|
Because only the above arguments can be passed into the Pegasus SSLContext, |
<p>Because only the above arguments can be passed into the Pegasus <span |
there are some limitations in the client configuration: |
class=SpellE>SSLContext</span>, there are some limitations in the client |
</p> |
configuration: </p> |
<ul> |
|
<li> |
<ul type=disc> |
The verification depth cannot be specified. Pegasus uses the default OpenSSL |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
depth of 9. |
mso-list:l10 level1 lfo16;tab-stops:list .5in'>The verification depth |
<li> |
cannot be specified. Pegasus uses the default <span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> |
The cipher list cannot be specified. Pegasus uses the default OpenSSL cipher |
depth of 9. </li> |
list. The cipher lists can be found at <a href="http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#SSL_v3_0_cipher_suites_"> |
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#SSL_v3_0_cipher_suites_</a> and |
mso-list:l10 level1 lfo16;tab-stops:list .5in'>The cipher list cannot be |
<a href="http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#TLS_v1_0_cipher_suites_">http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#TLS_v1_0_cipher_suites_</a> |
specified. Pegasus uses the default <span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> |
<li> |
cipher list. The cipher lists can be found at <a |
No hostname checking is performed to ensure that the subject field of the |
href="http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#SSL_v3_0_cipher_suites_">http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#SSL_v3_0_cipher_suites_</a> |
distinguished name (DN) matches the hostname. If desired, a user-specified |
and <a |
callback should be configured to perform this check or any additional checks |
href="http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#TLS_v1_0_cipher_suites_">http://www.openssl.org/docs/apps/ciphers.html#TLS_v1_0_cipher_suites_</a> |
relevant to the application.</li> |
</li> |
|
<li class=MsoNormal style='mso-margin-top-alt:auto;mso-margin-bottom-alt:auto; |
|
mso-list:l10 level1 lfo16;tab-stops:list .5in'>No hostname checking is |
|
performed to ensure that the subject field of the distinguished name (DN) |
|
matches the hostname. If desired, a user-specified callback should be |
|
configured to perform this check or any additional checks relevant to the |
|
application.</li> |
</ul> | </ul> |
<h3><a name="AUTH">SSL Authorization</a></h3> |
|
|
<h3><a name=AUTH>SSL Authorization</a></h3> |
|
|
<p>The following paragraphs concern authorization of users authenticated by | <p>The following paragraphs concern authorization of users authenticated by |
certificate on the cimserver's HTTPS port. |
certificate on the <span class=SpellE>cimserver's</span> HTTPS port. </p> |
</p> |
|
<p> |
<p>It is important to note that SSL certificates are verified during the |
It is important to note that SSL certificates are verified during the initial |
initial handshake, BEFORE any further authentication takes place. If a |
handshake, BEFORE any further authentication takes place. If a certificate |
certificate fails, the connection can be terminated immediately, resulting in a |
fails, the connection can be terminated immediately, resulting in a connection |
connection exception. This scenario will occur if the <span class=SpellE>sslClientVerification</span> |
exception. This scenario will occur if the sslClientVerification property is |
property is set to "required" and no certificate or an <span |
set to "required" and no certificate or an untrusted certificate is sent. |
class=SpellE>untrusted</span> certificate is sent. </p> |
</p> |
|
<p> |
<p>Further <b><i>authorization</i></b> checks must be performed when validating |
Further <i><b>authorization</b></i> checks must be performed when validating |
|
the user that is mapped to the certificate. First, the user that is registered | the user that is mapped to the certificate. First, the user that is registered |
to the certificate is validated as a valid system user and a valid cimuser (if |
to the certificate is validated as a valid system user and a valid <span |
the cimuser function has been configured). <font color="magenta"> |
class=SpellE>cimuser</span> (if the <span class=SpellE>cimuser</span> function |
<span style="COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)">In the case of |
has been configured). <span style='color:black'>In the case of a certificate |
a certificate chain, the username authorization starts with the leaf |
chain, the username authorization starts with the leaf certificate. If it |
certificate. If it successfully finds a mapping |
successfully finds a mapping for the leaf certificate, it continues; if there |
for the leaf certificate, it continues; if there is no username for the |
is no username for the leaf certificate, the validation proceeds up to the root |
leaf certificate, the validation proceeds up to the root certificate. |
certificate. If the root certificate is reached and there is still no mapped |
If the root certificate is reached and there is still no mapped |
username, the authorization fails.</span><span style='color:fuchsia'> </span>Additionally, |
username, the authorization fails.</span> |
if Pegasus was configured to use PAM, the <span class=SpellE>pam_acct_mgmt</span> |
</font>Additionally, if Pegasus was configured to use PAM, the pam_acct_mgmt |
|
function will be called with the user that is mapped to the certificate. This | function will be called with the user that is mapped to the certificate. This |
ensures that any login conditions that would have been placed on a user | ensures that any login conditions that would have been placed on a user |
authenticated via basic authentication are still applied to a user | authenticated via basic authentication are still applied to a user |
authenticated via certificate. The pam_authenticate method will NOT be called. |
authenticated via certificate. The <span class=SpellE>pam_authenticate</span> |
Lastly, the providers must authorize the user. They receive the username that |
method will NOT be called. Lastly, the providers must authorize the user. They |
was mapped to the certificate in the OperationContext. |
receive the username that was mapped to the certificate in the <span |
</p> |
class=SpellE>OperationContext</span>. </p> |
<P>A provider may request the client's certificate chain information through its |
|
provider registration MOF. The "RequestedOperationContextContainers" property |
<p>A provider may request the client's certificate chain information through |
of PG_Provider should be set to include the "SSLCertificateChainContainer" |
its provider registration MOF. The "<span class=SpellE>RequestedOperationContextContainers</span>" |
value. If a client is authenticated via trusted certificate, then the container |
property of <span class=SpellE>PG_Provider</span> should be set to include the |
will include a certificate for each level in the client's certificate chain, up |
"<span class=SpellE>SSLCertificateChain</span>" by setting the value “0”. |
to a maximum depth of seven.</P> |
If a client is authenticated via trusted certificate, then the container will |
<P><SPAN style="FONT-FAMILY: Times">The behavior of this property is dependent on the overall |
include a certificate for each level in the client's certificate chain, up to a |
CIMOM settings. The "enableHttpsConnection" configuration property must be set |
maximum depth of seven.</p> |
to true for the property to have any effect. Additionally, the |
|
"sslClientVerificationMode" configuration property must be set to either |
<p><span style='font-family:Times'>The behavior of this property is dependent |
"required" or "optional". If "required" is specified, then the container will |
on the overall CIMOM settings. The "<span class=SpellE>enableHttpsConnection</span>" |
always be populated. If "optional" is specified, the container will be populated |
configuration property must be set to true for the property to have any effect. |
only if the client is authenticated via trusted certificate, as opposed to |
Additionally, the "<span class=SpellE>sslClientVerificationMode</span>" |
another mechanism such as basic authentication. Because the container may not |
configuration property must be set to either "required" or |
always be included in the OperationContext, providers should always check for |
"optional". If "required" is specified, then the container |
its existence before performing operations on it. See the SSLCertificateInfo |
will always be populated. If "optional" is specified, the container |
class in Pegasus/Common/SSLContext.h for a full list of certificate parameters |
will be populated only if the client is authenticated via trusted certificate, |
that the SSLCertificateChainContainer supports. |
as opposed to another mechanism such as basic authentication. Because the |
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></P> |
container may not always be included in the <span class=SpellE>OperationContext</span>, |
<h3><a name="EXT">Critical Extension Handling</a></h3> |
providers should always check for its existence before performing operations on |
<p><font color="magenta"><span style="COLOR: rgb(0,0,0)"> |
it. See the <span class=SpellE>SSLCertificateInfo</span> class in |
The extensions defined for X.509 v3 certificates provide methods for |
Pegasus/Common/<span class=SpellE>SSLContext.h</span> for a full list of |
associating additional attributes with users or public keys and for |
certificate parameters that the <span class=SpellE>SSLCertificateChainContainer</span> |
managing the certification hierarchy. Each extension in a certificate |
supports. <u1:p></u1:p></span></p> |
may be designated as critical or non-critical. Pegasus relies on the |
|
underlying OpenSSL implementation to handle critical extensions |
<h3><a name=EXT>Critical Extension Handling</a></h3> |
specified in a certificate. Please refer to the OpenSSL documentation |
|
for more information on currently supported extensions in OpenSSL and |
<p><span style='color:black'>The extensions defined for X.509 v3 certificates |
on the behavior of OpenSSL in the case of unhandled critical extensions.</span> |
provide methods for associating additional attributes with users or public keys |
</font> |
and for managing the certification hierarchy. Each extension in a certificate |
</p> |
may be designated as critical or non-critical. Pegasus relies on the underlying |
<h3><a name="RESOURCES">Resources</a></h3> |
<span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> implementation to handle critical extensions |
<p> |
specified in a certificate. Please refer to the <span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> |
For OpenSSL information pick up a copy of O'Reilly's Network Security with |
documentation for more information on currently supported extensions in <span |
OpenSSL or go to the OpenSSL Site:<br> |
class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> and on the behavior of <span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> |
<a href="http://www.openssl.org">http://www.openssl.org</a> |
in the case of unhandled critical extensions.</span><span style='color:fuchsia'> |
</p> |
</span></p> |
<p>A really fabulous guide on certificate management and installation with OpenSSL:<br> |
|
|
<h3><a name=RESOURCES>Resources</a></h3> |
|
|
|
<p>For <span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> information pick up a copy of |
|
O'Reilly's Network Security with <span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> or go to the |
|
<span class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span> Site<span class=GramE>:</span><br> |
|
<a href="http://www.openssl.org">http://www.openssl.org</a> </p> |
|
|
|
<p>A really fabulous guide on certificate management and installation with <span |
|
class=SpellE>OpenSSL</span><span class=GramE>:</span><br> |
<a href="http://www.gagravarr.org/writing/openssl-certs/index.shtml">http://www.gagravarr.org/writing/openssl-certs/index.shtml</a> | <a href="http://www.gagravarr.org/writing/openssl-certs/index.shtml">http://www.gagravarr.org/writing/openssl-certs/index.shtml</a> |
</p> | </p> |
<p>x509 Certificate and CRL RFC:<br> |
|
|
<p><span class=GramE>x509</span> Certificate and CRL RFC:<br> |
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2459.txt?number=2459">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2459.txt?number=2459</a> | <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2459.txt?number=2459">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2459.txt?number=2459</a> |
</p> | </p> |
<p>SSLv3 RFC:<br> |
|
<a href="http://wp.netscape.com/eng/ssl3/">http://wp.netscape.com/eng/ssl3</a> |
<p>SSLv3 RFC<span class=GramE>:</span><br> |
</p> |
<a href="http://wp.netscape.com/eng/ssl3/">http://wp.netscape.com/eng/ssl3</a> </p> |
<p>TLSv1 RFC:<br> |
|
|
<p>TLSv1 RFC<span class=GramE>:</span><br> |
<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2246.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2246.txt</a> | <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2246.txt">http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2246.txt</a> |
</p> | </p> |
<p>Basic Authentication RFC:<br> |
|
|
<p>Basic Authentication RFC<span class=GramE>:</span><br> |
<a href="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2617.html">http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2617.html</a> | <a href="http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2617.html">http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc2617.html</a> |
</p> | </p> |
<hr> |
|
<p><i><font size="2">Copyright (c) 2005 EMC Corporation; Hewlett-Packard Development |
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'> |
Company, L.P.; IBM Corp.; The Open Group; VERITAS Software Corporation</font><br> |
|
<br> |
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center> |
<font size="1">Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person |
|
obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the |
</div> |
"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without |
|
limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, |
<p><i><span style='font-size:10.0pt'>Copyright (c) 2005 EMC Corporation; |
sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom |
Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P.; IBM Corp.; The Open Group; VERITAS |
the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:</font><br> |
Software Corporation</span><br> |
<font size="2"> |
|
<br> | <br> |
</font><font size="1">THE ABOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICE AND THIS PERMISSION NOTICE SHALL |
</i><i><span style='font-size:7.5pt'>Permission is hereby granted, free of |
BE INCLUDED IN ALL COPIES OR SUBSTANTIAL PORTIONS OF THE SOFTWARE. THE SOFTWARE |
charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated |
IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, |
documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without |
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A |
restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, |
PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR |
merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and |
COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER |
to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the |
IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN |
following conditions:</span><br> |
CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.</font></i></p> |
</i><i><span style='font-size:10.0pt'><br> |
<hr> |
</span></i><i><span style='font-size:7.5pt'>THE ABOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICE AND THIS |
|
PERMISSION NOTICE SHALL BE INCLUDED IN ALL COPIES OR SUBSTANTIAL PORTIONS OF |
|
THE SOFTWARE. THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED<span class=GramE> "</span>AS |
|
IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT |
|
LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE |
|
AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE |
|
LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF |
|
CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE |
|
SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.</span></i></p> |
|
|
|
<div class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'> |
|
|
|
<hr size=2 width="100%" align=center> |
|
|
|
</div> |
|
|
|
</div> |
|
|
</body> | </body> |
|
|
</html> | </html> |